Writing

【学术讨论】基本框架

toefl写作万能理由：

• 方便
• 效率：提升个人的效率/社会运行效率/更容易实行
• 经济：成本更低，回报更高/社会经济发展/促进就业
• 耐久：对未来的影响更大
• 安全
• 环保：（+environment urgency example）
• 交流
• 经验
• 乐趣：开心快乐/好看艺术/陶冶情操
• 成就
• 情感
• 健康

【综合写作】基本框架

250-325 words

模板

In the lecture, the professor points out that ….听力中心思想…，casting doubt on /contradicting/enhancing what are stated in the reading passage that +…阅读中心思想…..
To begin with, the speaker makes the point that….听力1分论点，which 【1】refutes/【2】supports the viewpoint showed in the article that…..阅读1分论点。According to the speaker, 听力分论点第一个1例子。

Moreover, the author claims that…阅读2分论点..【1】whereas the speaker views this problem in a completely different angle【2】which is the same view held by the speaker. In accordance with the speaker,听力第2分论点+具体。

Finally, the speaker 【1】challenges/【2】perfectly reinforce the writer’s contention by saying + …听力3论点…
（On the contrary/ similarly,the writer insists that 阅读3分论。）To convince the audience, the speaker elaborates his/her perspective with the evidence that 听力3分论点具体

Reading(300words)

• about life science/history
• one topic with 3 points

Listening(2.5minitues)

• usually chanllaging the reading

范文（to do）

Examples are important!!!

senior or junior

While I acknowledge Claire’s concerns for the role of inexperienced emplyees when starting a business, I contend with the choice for employing more young staff.
Firstly, not only is working experience vital, but also innovation and reformation attaches great importance to a brand-new company. Nowadays, the rapid development of technology enables business to be transformative and facilitates greater opportunities for significant breakthroughs. Consequently, the junior that can bring up fresh perspectives are in urgent demand. Futhermore, if all the businesses hire experienced veterans of the industry at the beginning, younger people will still lack the corresponding experience in the future. This perspective aligns with substainablility. For instance, tech giants like Google prefer young right-out-of-university employess to ensure continuous knowledge reinvention.In conclusion, I approve that when establishing business, hiring and collaborating with the young is more conducive span style=”color:red;”> to both disrupitve startups and substainable employment environment.

advertisment

In the information age, advertisement proliferate at an unprecendented rate especially through Internet.While I do acknowledge Brad’s approval for its utility in information providing, the perspective that at most cases, advertisement acts as a manipulator to promote purchasing is convincing for me. It is widely critisized that many manufacturers/corporations(company) tend to disseminate misleading(fake) claims through advertising campaigns and conditionally attempt to implement hunger-marketing, a tactic that deliberately produces less products to gain higher profits, aiming to make themselves attractive. However, this deceptive pratice violate business ethics(immoral) and may breach consumer-protection laws (illegal), ultimately deteriorating(harm) previously customer-friendly entrepreneurial enviornment.In conclusion, the drawbacks of advertising outweigh its advantages, therefore goverments should shoulder their administrating and supervising resonsibilities.

Film(art)

While I do acknowledge Claire’s opinion that transformative development of film leads to an obsolete cinema industry, I hold the opposite perspective that cinemas won’t go into extinction. Watching films is an irreplaceable and indispensable method for human beings to relieve stress. Even though nowadays we are inundated with internet streaming services of great avail at home, movies, especially traditional ones are much more thought-provoking and invariably serve as cultural mirrors reflecting social changes and criticizing global issues(issues) such as racial-inequlilty, technology transformation, which is a vital characteristic that distinguishes films from other kinds of videos. Furthermore, cinemas create a comfortable environment for film-lovers to totally immerse themselves with the ever-changing sentiment of the film, which won’t be replaced by phones or televisions. In conclusion, far from (表示反义) disappering, I firmly believe that it will be evelated towards dramatic and impressive innovation in digital age.

AI/techonology

While I acknowledge Megan’s concern that AI may exacerbate social unfairness, I contend with the opinon that AI is a powerful/innovative/tranformative rather than harmful tool to our society.As is known to us all, Artificial Intelligence has greatly enhanced/revolutionized productivity and is conducive to promoting a more innovative society/catalyzing innovation.For example, in scientific research, it has solved a great deal of difficult/complex problems ranging from math to physics, resulting in the increased efficiency in not only educational but also manufacturing industry. What’s more, what AI has replaced is the work that is (in high demand of manual harbor, or in high risk)hazardous, mundane, and repetitive. This technological shift can liberate the workforce, enabling the community to accomplish more fantastic and fulfilling projects that demand uniquely human capabilities.

general vocabulary

【同义词】

• people/individuals
• society/community
• fields/ disciplines

【程度常用词】

• present a convincing/persuasive/compelling argument
• be refuted by/ counteract/argue against (should have an opinion before)
• an(a) effective/superb means to
• significantly/substantially/profoundly
• exhibit + (feeling/cabability)
• be proposed/claim/indicate/demonstrate/contend that
• spur dramatic (…) growth
• the importance of (one aspect) extends deeply to the foundation of (…)
• be intrinsically/radically linked to..
• cast doubt on…
• exert immediate and tangible impact on..
• overlook the urgency of(one aspect)/the need of
• The benefits of this technology far outweigh its potential drawbacks when properly implemented and regulated.
• facilitate opportunities for..
• be inundated with (bad feelings/ negtive informantion)
• There is a tendency..
• impair (…) skills
• … is not inherently bad, but need administration and supervision.
• …(opinion) holds particular weight
• undertake the endeavor to achieve success
• (反对A会损害B的观点) A can coexist harmoniously with B
• While （A） is undeniably important, （B） is equally vital.

【解释论证逻辑词】

• to be more precise/ by this I don’t mean/ I’m (not) referring to
• a case in point is/ for instance/ this can be illustrated by
• provided that/unless
• Despite the claim that/ Critics may say that(public opinion)
• While I understand sb’s perspective/ I acknowledge sb’s concerns that, I contend to/ endorse the view/ hold the opposing view
• I firmly believe (oppose opinion) doesn’t inherently (+政府/个人的监管)

topic vocabulary

education

【Expression】

• enhance teaching and scholarly communication
• interdisciplinary/multidisciplinary/cross-disciplinary (collaboration/database)
• exanmination/quality/score-oriented
• exacerbate educational unfairness

【Opinion】

1. reduce poverty, promote public health and increase social mobility, producing desired results in short term.
2. foster a more innovative and entrepreneurial society

environment

【Expression】

• have already pushed marine species to the brink of extinction
• devastate/threaten/disturb

Art

【Opinion】

• offer us a spiritual outlook on life
• inform us about cultural and traditional traits
• thought-provoking/ sometimes realistic– reflect the social changes/potential problems in an innovative way
• governments not only nurture creativity but also set a positive example for society, emphasizing the enduring value of cultural enrichment.

medicine/health

【Expression】

• eradicate diseases

From my perspective, I attach great importance to obtaining health literacy toward lifelong education. Firstly, maintaining a healthy lifestyle exerts an immediate and tangible impact on life expectancy, ultimately resulting in the increase of social satisfaction. This perspective aligns with the urgent need for solutions to address the overstressed lifestyle that has emerged alongside the unprecedented pace of technological development. Furthermore, educating people to value their life and eqipping them with the essential capabilities of emergency is crucial.For example, public education programs on using AEDs has considerably decreased the mortality by 32% according to scientific reports.
In conclusion, learning how to keep healthy should be prioritized over other fields of study in the current era, and governments ought to shoulder the responsibility to implement some effective policies.

• liberate the workforce
• elevate society toward greater achievement, safety, and intellectual fulfillment
• resulting in unprecedented efficiency gains and economic growth

personal improvement

【Expression】

• outlook on life and world
• distinguish right from wrong
• care-free/ relieve social/studying/parental stress
• children lack maturity and judgement
• self-reliant
• live a frugal/hectic life

Reading & Listening (vocabulary)

Ch	En
hasten	v.加速
pertake	v.消耗
eligible	adj.有资格的
paleontology	n.古生物学
brooding	adj.神秘莫测的
funerary	adj.葬礼的
utilitarian	adj.功利主义的，时效的
uniformity	n.一致性
mundane	adj.平凡的
justify	v.证明合法

Speaking

语料分类(20套)

Task1 (80-110 words)

• Opinion
• reason(2 points)
• details (time/people/development/result)
• tips: disadvantages of the other point(s). in contrast, rather than, on the other hand
• logic expression
• conclusion(balance your tim usually argue with the other point)

Task2 (120-145 words)

• Opinion 5s (The man/ woman opposes/agree with)
• Summary of Reading 10s
• reason(2 points) 30-40s

Task3 (120-145 words)

• Summary & definition of the core word (15s)
• reason(2 points) 30-40s

  The subject of the lecture is… The professor provides two examples to articulate…

Task4-Summary

• topic (1st para)
• development (how the professor explain the topic, maybe by reasoning)
• details (object/description/what happened/ reason)

https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1wt4y1z7Ky?spm_id_from=333.788.recommend_more_video.0&vd_source=3e392d4a2091a2538dd17319b432cc9e

https://blog.csdn.net/qq_38604355/article/details/99690832

https://www.zhihu.com/tardis/zm/art/170432316?source_id=1003

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